CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS THROUGH FEMINIST THOUGHT: NARRATIVES AND PRACTICES REIMAGINED

Povzetek

In Indian mythology, feminist theory significantly shapes cultural narratives and practices. By challenging the male-dominated power structures prevalent in individual relationships and society at large, feminist interpretations shed light on the roles and concerns of female characters, questioning traditional patriarchal views. This feminist re-examination influences practices such as women's participation in rituals and worship and advocates for women's rights and gender equality. It also critiques patriarchal customs and traditions.

Feminist perspectives have inspired new literary and artistic works, further amplifying feminist voices in Indian mythology. Epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata portray mothers in complex and diverse ways, reflecting both patriarchal and feminist themes. A feminist approach to these texts acknowledges the empowering and restrictive aspects of these depictions, recognizing their historical and cultural contexts.

Feminist attributes include complexity, refinement, critique of patriarchal values, and the recognition of nurturing and self-sacrificing motherhood as sources of strength. Mothers like Kausalya (Rama’s mother), Gandhari (Dhritarashtra’s wife), and Kunti (the mother of the Pandavas) wield significant influence over their sons, shaping their actions and decisions. These mothers are often portrayed as selfless caregivers, prioritizing their children’s needs above their own. While these portrayals highlight their strength and devotion, they also reinforce traditional feminine ideals. The epics critique the expectation of maternal self-sacrifice, as seen in Kunti’s sacrifices for her sons.

Feminist theory reshapes cultural narratives and practices, promoting a more equitable society. Its influence continues to evolve, driving social change and challenging existing norms. The feminist movement has played a pivotal role in advocating for women's suffrage, greater access to education, and confronting societal injustices linked to class, culture, religion, sexuality, gender, race, and nationality. Feminist literary theory has deliberately transgressed traditional boundaries across literature, social sciences, and philosophy, helping us understand how gender has been constructed and represented through language.