IMPACT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MSMES IN LATIN AMERICA

Povzetek

Introduction: The digital economy represents an opportunity to transform MSMEs in Latin America by enhancing their productivity, market access, and competitiveness. However, technological gaps, financing limitations, and low digital adoption persist in many countries of the region.

Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, considering 85 studies published between 2015 and 2025. Databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and RedALyC were used, including only peer-reviewed studies focused on Latin American MSMEs and their link to the digital economy.

Theoretical framework: The digital economy is defined as an ecosystem composed of infrastructure, technological applications, and users. The relationship between digitalization and productivity, e-commerce, and digital payments was analyzed, identifying common barriers such as lack of connectivity, limited training, and territorial inequality.

Results: MSMEs that adopt digital technologies report increases in productivity (up to 30%), operational efficiency, and expansion into new markets. The use of digital payments improves sales and access to credit. However, digital maturity varies by country: Chile and Colombia show greater progress, while Ecuador and Bolivia face significant setbacks. Conclusions: The digital economy drives the development of MSMEs in Latin America, but its impact is uneven. Overcoming structural barriers requires coordinated public policies, investment in infrastructure, digital training, and access to financing to achieve inclusive and sustainable digitalization.