ACETAMINOPHEN INDUCED EMBRYOTOXICITY IN ALBINO MICE (MUS MUSCULUS) AND AMELIORATIVE ROLE OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM)

Abstract

Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic and pain reliver. The study was aimed to investigate the acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol) induced Embryotoxicity in female Albino Mice and curative efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum) extract. For this purpose, qualitative analysis of ethanolic garlic extract was carried out. Twenty-eight pregnant mice were divided in 7 groups (A-G). Group A was Control while B and C were Acetaminophen treated groups with dose A (0.00), B (150,0.00). C (300,0.00). Group D to G were of Acetaminophen+ ethanolic garlic extract treated groups with doses D (150.00, 100), E (150,00, 200), F (300,100) and G (300,200). Toxicant treatment in groups (B and C) showed significant histological abnormalities like anopthalmia, reduced thoracic cavity, Spina bifada, Degenerated kidney, Degenerated ventricle, Pulmonary underdevelopment and Myocardial degeneration, Ethanolic Garlic Extracts (EGE) as ameliorant reduced these malformations across all the treatment groups (D-G). Whereas Micronuclear assay to confirm DNA damage showed significant (p<0.05) DNA damage in Acetaminophen treated group C (27±0.57) as compared to control A (8±0.81). Whereas curative agent ethanolic garlic extract reduced the toxicant effects of acetaminophen in group G (22±0.5). This amelioration showed presences of some active biological compounds in the EGE like an amino acid derivative NAC (N-Acetyl Cysteine) which might prove to be curative agent in acetaminophen caused teratogenicity.