IMPACT OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION AMONG WOMEN IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS

Abstract

Background :Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant public health concern affecting maternal wellbeing, particularly in low-resource settings. Social support plays a critical role in mitigating psychological distress during the postpartum period. However, limited data exist on its protective impact among women in underserved communities.

Objectives:To evaluate the association between social support and postpartum depression and determine its impact on maternal mental health outcomes in low-resource healthcare settings.

Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 postpartum women attending public hospitals. Participants were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and a structured social support questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. Mean scores, standard deviation, and p-values were calculated to determine associations between variables.

Results:Among 150 participants, 42% showed symptoms of postpartum depression. Women with low social support had significantly higher EPDS scores (mean 15.2 ± 3.8) compared to those with strong support (mean 8.6 ± 2.9; p < 0.001). Emotional and spousal support demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect. Women lacking family involvement had a higher prevalence of depression (58%) compared to supported women (25%). The association between social support and depression severity was statistically significant (p = 0.002).

Conclusion:Social support significantly reduces the risk and severity of postpartum depression. Strengthening family and community-based support systems can improve maternal mental health outcomes in low-resource settings. Integrating psychosocial screening into routine postnatal care is recommended for early identification and intervention.