APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW

Abstract

As increasingly sophisticated weaponry reaches the field of battle, people are becoming increasingly isolated from the conflict. We already live in a world where a man sitting in a room can direct and carry out target-killing operations using robotic weapons on the opposite side of the globe. In this aspect, the advancement of weaponry technology has kept people off the battlefield, and the next step—artificial intelligence (AI) weapons—may do the same by removing people from decision-making. The use of AI technologies and techniques in warfare is growing quickly. This presented difficult difficulties to society, academics, lawmakers, military planners, and inventors. The development of AI weapons is already bolstering the armed markets; they are no longer the stuff of science fiction. Some nations have made significant progress in developing autonomous and machine learning systems from personnel systems, such as Israel's Iron Dome, which can stop approaching missiles autonomously and more quickly than a human could. President Putin stated to Russian students on September 8, 2017, that "artificial intelligence is the future, not only for Russia but for all of humankind.” Whoever assumes control of this arena will also assume control of the entire planet.

An international discussion about whether and how such autonomous and machine learning weapons systems can conform with the standards of international humanitarian and customary law is being sparked by the development of AI weapons and technologies. The main issues in this paper are whether such autonomous weapons systems are effectively under human control, whether they can adhere to the fundamental principles of humanitarian law, such as distinction, proportionality, and the protection of civilians, what the nature of such armed conflict will be, and who will be held accountable for any mistakes.  Finding the answers to those questions is the goal of this endeavour. The goal of this research is to briefly investigate the nature and character of warfare with AI weapons before outlining the significance and evolution of AI weapons. This study finishes by outlining the responsibilities under international humanitarian law that states may consider as part of their evaluations of weapons utilizing AI-related technologies.