Criminal Mechanisms for Protection Against Illegal Migration

Abstract

Illegal migration has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges in the 21st century, posing significant social, economic, and security threats to states and communities. This study investigates the criminal mechanisms employed to prevent and combat illegal migration, with a focus on legal frameworks, law enforcement practices, and institutional measures in Algeria. Using a doctrinal and analytical approach, the study examines the effectiveness of criminal law provisions in deterring human trafficking, smuggling, and unauthorized border crossings. The research highlights the interplay between national legislation, regional agreements, and international conventions, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies that combine prevention, repression, and protection of migrants’ rights. The findings suggest that while Algeria has established a robust legal system targeting illegal migration, gaps remain in enforcement, coordination among authorities, and public awareness campaigns. The study concludes by recommending stronger institutional collaboration, capacity-building for law enforcement agencies, and enhanced legal harmonization with international standards to effectively address the phenomenon of illegal migration.