Revisiting Marxist Critique of Technology in the Digital Age: Implications for Public Policy in the Era of the Information Revolution

Avtorji

  • Yuewei Meng The School of Marxism of Harbin Normal University Haerbin 150025,Heilongjiang, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52152/3145

Ključne besede:

Marxism; Digital capitalism; algorithm management as a new form of capitalist surveillance; Worker Alienation; class struggle in the information technology arena

Povzetek

This research undertakes a critical re-examination of Marxist theory in the context of the contemporary information technology revolution. The findings of this study reveal that the emergence of digital technology has given rise to novel forms of alienation, power dynamics, control, commodification, and class struggle. Building upon the core Marxist critique of worker alienation, this research employs Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to illuminate the ways in which the digital age has exacerbated worker alienation. Specifically, the analysis highlights the role of algorithm-based control, the erosion of social relations through remote working, and the rigid standards imposed on workers as contributing factors to this phenomenon. Furthermore, the commodification of personal data and its utilisation in informing employment and consumer behaviour decisions have intensified surveillance and reinforced capitalist control over labour. The study also finds that the digital age has widened the class struggle, as large tech companies have disproportionately benefitted from the information technology revolution. However, this research also identifies the emergence of emancipatory potential, as online communities and collective organising efforts have created opportunities for resistance and challenge to capitalist powers. As these efforts continue to evolve, they may ultimately erode the undue power and control held by the capitalist class.

Literatura

Andrejevic, M., 2012. Estranged Free Labour. In Scholz, T. Digital Labour: The Internet as Playground and Factory. New York: Routledge.

Arvidsson, A. & Colleoni, E., 2012. Value in Informational Capitalism and on the internet. The information Society, 28(3): 135-50.

Beverungen, A., Boham, S. & Land, C., 2015. Free Labour, Social Media, management: Challenging Marxist organisation Studies. Organisation Studies, 36(4): 473-89.

Biao, X., 2017. The Rise of the Platform Economy in China: Challenges and Opportunities. International Labour Review, 156(1): 43-64.

Billic, P., 2023. Frankfurt School Legacy and the Critical Sociology of Media: Lifeworld in Digital Capitalism. Critical Sociology, 23(2): 89-106.

Bimber, 2003. Information and American Democracy: Technology in the Evolution of Political Power. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Böhm, S., Land, C. & Beverungen, A., 2012. The Value of Marx: Free Labour, Rent and ‘Primitive’ Accumulation in Facebook (Working Paper).

Bolano, C.R. & Vieira, S.E., 2015. The Political Economy of the Internet: Social Networking Sites and Reply to Fuchs. Television and new Media, 16(1): 52-61.

Braverman, H., 1974. Labour and Monopoly Capital. New York: Monthly Review Press.

Brynjolfsson, E. & McAfee, A., 2014. The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.

Castells, M., 2009. Communication Power. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Comor, E., 2015. Revisiting Marx's Value Theory: A Critical Response to Analyses of Digital Prosumption. The Information Society, 31(1): 13-19.

Couldry, N. & Mejias, U., 2019. Data Colonialism: Rethinking Big Data’s Relation to the contemporary Subject. Television and new Media, 20(4): 336-49.

Dyer-Whiteford, N., 2013. Red Plenty Platforms. Culture Machine, 14: 1-27.

Fisher, E., 2012. How Less Alienation Creates More Exploitation? Audience Labour on Social network sites. Trip C, 10(2): 171-83.

Fisher, E., 2017. The Digital Labour Theory of Value and the Crisis of Contemporary Capitalism. Capital & Class, 41(1): 55-78.

Florida, R., 2002. The Rise of the Creative Class: And How It's Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life. New York: Basic Books.

Fuchs, C., 2015. Culture and Economy in the age of social media. New York: Routledge.

Fuchs, C., 2016. Digital Capitalism, Societal Division, and Surveillance. Critical Sociology, 42(3): 357-74.

Hardt, M. & Nagri, A., 2000. Empire. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Hargittai, E., 2002. Second-Level Digital Divide: Differences in People's Online Skills. First Monday, 7(4).

Hu, Y., 2020. The Contemporary construction of the Chinese Form of Marxist Literary Criticism. London: Palgrave/ Macmillan.

Huang, J. & Li, A., 2017. Organ trade between kidney donors and recipients: A case of transplant tourism. University of Toronto Medical Journal, 94(3): 44-46.

Hughes, C. & Southern, A., 2019. The world of work and the crises of capitalism: Marx and the fourth industrial revolution. Journal of Classical Sociology, 19(1): 59-71.

Huws, U., 2014. The Making of a Cyberthreat? Virtual Work in a Global Labour Market. Socialist Register, 50: 214-39.

Karakilic, E., 2019. Rethinking intellectual property rights in the cognitive and digital age of capitalism: An autonomist Marxist reading. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 147: 1-9.

Katz, C., 2015. The Digitalization of Labour and the Crisis of the Capitalist Mode of Production. Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation, 9(1): 5-23.

Katz, L.F. & Krueger, A.B., 2016. The Rise and Nature of Alternative Work Arrangements in the United States, 1995-2015. NBER Working Paper No. 22667.

Knoche, M., 2024. Development of Media Technologies as 'New Media' from the perspective of a critique of the political economy of the media. Trip C, 22(1): 25-43.

Lordon, F., 2014. Willing Slaves of Capital: Spinoza and Marx on Desire. Historical Materialism, 22(4): 71-101.

Manyika, J. et al., 2016. A Labour Market that Works: Connecting the dots between jobs, skills, and growth.. New York: McKinsey Global Institute.

Marx, K., 1973. Grundrisse: Foundation of the Critique of Political Economy. Harmondsworth: Penguin Book.

Marx, K., 1981. Capital (Das Kapital) vol. 3. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.

McDowell, L., 2003. Redundant Masculinities? Employment Change and White Working-Class Youth.. London: Blackwell.

Murray, A., 2017. The Digital Economy and the Crisis of the Capitalist Mode of Production. Capital & Class, 41(1): 33-54.

Qiu, J.L., 2016. Goodbye iSlave: A Manifesto for Digital Abolition. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.

Reveley, J., 2013. The Exploitative Web: Misuses of Marx in Critical Social Media Studies. Science and Society, 77(4): 512-35.

Rigi, J. & Prey, R., 2015. Value, Rent, and the Political Economy of Social Media. the Information Society, 31(5): 392-406.

Roberts, J.M., 2016. Co-creative Prosumer Labour, Financial Knowledge Capitalism, and Marxist Value Theory. The Information Society, 32: 28-39.

Robinson, B., 2015. With a Different Marx: Value and the Contradictions of Web 2.0 Capitalism. The Information Society, 31(1): 44-51.

Sandoval, M., 2016. Fight to Live, Live to Fight: Worker Resistance in the Digital Age. Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation, 10(1): 5-24.

Schiller, D., 2014. Digital depression: Information technology and economic crisis. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.

Schneier, B., 2013. Liars and Outliers: Enabling the Trust that Society Needs to Thrive.. London: John Wiley & Sons.

Sorensen, S.B., 2024. Value and productive labour in the era of digital technologies: Revisiting the digital labour debate. Triple C, 22(2): 498-517.

Srnicek, N., 2016. Platform Capitalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Teixeira, R. & Rotta, T., 2019. The Commodification of Knowledge and information. In Vidal, M. The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Turkle, S., 2015. Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in a Digital Age.. London: Penguin Press.

Van Dijck, J., 2013. The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Zuboff, S., 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. London: Public Affairs.

Objavljeno

2025-08-01

Številka

Rubrika

Article

Kako citirati

Revisiting Marxist Critique of Technology in the Digital Age: Implications for Public Policy in the Era of the Information Revolution. (2025). Lex Localis - Journal of Local Self-Government, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.52152/3145