SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING TREATMENT COMPLIANCE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Abstract

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition and needs to be kept under control with medication, dialysis, diet, and frequent health checks to avoid the disease worsening and causing complications. Socio-economic factors such as low income, low educational level, unemployment, low social support, and limited availability of healthcare may adversely affect treatment adherence among CKD patients.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the socioeconomic factors that influence adherence to treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease and to determine the correlation between these factors and treatment adherence.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional observational study in the nephrology department of a tertiary care hospital for a period of 6 months. The number of patients who were enrolled was 100, with CKD stage 3–5, and were taken by non-probability consecutive sampling. Admission was made by patients over 18 years old who have been treated for at least six months. The information on demographic profile, income, education, job status, social support, and treatment adherence was gathered through a structured questionnaire. Medication compliance, dialysis attendance, dietary restriction, and follow-up visits were evaluated. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 26 with a significant p-value < 0.05.

Results: The mean age of participants was 52.6 ± 13.4 years, with 58% males and 42% females. Good treatment compliance was observed in 62% of patients, while 38% showed poor adherence. Higher-income patients demonstrated significantly better compliance compared to low-income patients (78% vs. 44%, p=0.002). Patients with secondary or higher education had improved adherence compared to illiterate participants (74% vs. 41%, p=0.004). Rural residence, unemployment, and poor family support were significantly associated with reduced treatment compliance (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Treatment adherence is strongly influenced by the socioeconomic factors in CKD patients. Fostering greater access to healthcare, patient education, and financial aid could lead to better adherence and clinical results.